Soil Nutrient Status, Water Quality, and Cropping Pattern in the Southwest Coastal Region of Bangladesh in a Changing Climate
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.64137/3108088X/IJAES-V2I3P104Keywords:
Climate, Coastal, Nutrient, Salinity, SoilAbstract
Extreme climatic events, including cyclones and tidal flooding, occur recurrently in the southern and southwestern regions of Bangladesh. Cyclonic storm surges and tidal flooding increase soil and water salinity, leading to a decline in soil nutrient status and limiting crop growth and yield. Consequently, there is a critical need to assess the agronomic potential of salinity-affected soils. In this context, the present study was designed to evaluate soil and water nutrient status and cropping patterns in the southwestern region of Bangladesh in 2021. Both soil and water salinity in the study location were highest in April. The soil salinity was observed to be highest at 15.1 dS m-1 at Kaliganj upazila of Satkhira district, and the highest water salinity of 26.6 dS m-1 was at Batiaghata upazila of Khulna district. The soils of the study locations were low in organic matter content, except in Batiaghata upazila of Khulna district, where the topsoil contained 1.91% organic matter. Total N was found to be low in the study locations. The highest exchangeable Na of 2.2 m.e. 100 g-1 soil was recorded in Batiaghata upazila. The K was estimated to be highest at 0.33 m.e.100 g-1 soil in Batiaghata upazila of Khulna district, and the highest available P of 10.89 µgg-1 soil was found in Tala upazila of Satkhira district. Surface water (river or canal) in the study area was of poor quality for irrigation use. In the study area, the main cropping pattern was transplanted aman-fallow-fallow, along with shrimp. The results of this study have the potential to inform strategies to increase agricultural productivity in land areas affected by salinity. a
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