International Journal of Multidisciplinary in Humanities and Social Sciences
International Journal of Multidisciplinary in Humanities and Social Sciences (IJMHSS) is a double-blind peer-review journal that aims to publish high-quality research papers in the research areas of humanities, multidisciplinary studies and social sciences. The journal publishes Original research papers, Review articles, Conceptual frameworks, Case studies, Empirical research, Analytical models, Book reviews according to the scope of the journal. It covers a wide range of topics within humanities and social sciences and related disciplines. IJMHSS emphasizes global academic engagement by offering researchers, scholars, and practitioners an intellectual platform to encourage interdisciplinary studies that address contemporary societal challenges, cultural advancements, and innovative research.
Ethical AI Governance in Cloud-Based Financial Ecosystems
Artificial intelligence (AI) and distributed cloud computing have quickly converged to revolutionize the global financial services industry, resulting in automated, massively scalable, and highly interconnected transaction ecosystems. These cloud-hosted configurations provide unprecedented computational efficiency, higher predictive accuracy, and lead to real-time management of assets. Structural challenges can shed light on weaknesses such as algorithmic bias, the "black-box" nature of deep-learning models, in addition to questions over data security from multi-tenant public clouds, risks to consumer protections and macroeconomic stability, with unclear liability frameworks under shared-responsibility models. The present work thus lays a foundation for an overarching ethical AI governance framework specifically designed to govern the use of AI in cloud-hosted financial services. The aim of this research is to raise awareness and identify the practical challenges involved in deploying ethical AI, using a mixed-methods approach, interweaving systemic risk modeling with algorithmic auditing across distributed cloud nodes and comparative regulatory analysis. We show from a little empirical evidence that the common cloud architectures are neither log-detailed nor enable custom telemetry to audit deep learning models in real time, further widening the compliance gaps. We further show how considering fairness-based constraints and decentralizing accountability matrices alleviates both discriminatory lending and biases in automated credit-scoring models, while not sacrificing core model performance. Drawing on these insights, we recommend a multi-tiered governance model that combines technical guardrails, continuous monitoring pipelines, and cross-functional oversight committees. The article offers practical recommendations for financial institutions, cloud service providers and government regulators seeking to optimize competitive financial innovation with due ethical diligence.
Responsible AI Governance in Cloud-Based Financial Services: Ethical, Regulatory, and Organizational Perspectives
This rapid progression of cloud computing and artificial intelligence (AI) under one umbrella has reshaped the traditional paradigm of financial services like never before – making it scalable, providing real-time predictive analytics, and enabling hyper-personalized customer journeys. However, implementing complex AI models in a distributed cloud environment raises serious systemic risks such as opaque black boxes, algorithmic bias, local data sovereignty violations, and changing liability regimes. The purpose of this paper is to explore the need for Responsible AI Governance in cloud-based financial services, highlighting the interplay between these multidimensional levels: ethics, regulation, and implementation. By employing a multi-methodological approach comprising (1) systematic literature review, (2) comparative regulatory analysis, and (3) empirical multiple-case study design across five multinational financial institutions, this research identifies relevant structural friction points between theoretical ethics and cloud-scale deployment. The report finds that, even though technical mitigation tools like explainable AI toolkits are becoming more widely used, organizational silos and misaligned multi-cloud provider SLA continue to obstruct end-to-end compliance. Informed by these insights, we present a novel Three-Tier Responsible AI Governance Framework that harmonizes ethical mandates, ongoing cloud-native monitoring pipelines, and cross-functional accountability matrices. We finish the study with actionable suggestions for risk officers, compliance managers, and system architects seeking to secure effective compliance under emerging international standards like the EU AI Act and revised financial supervisory directives.
The Anthropology of Cognitive Ecologies at the Margins: Understanding How Peripheral Worlds Produce Distinct Forms of Intelligence
This study examines how environments of social, economic, and spatial marginality shape distinctive forms of cognition and modes of intelligent action. While anthropological research has long explored knowledge, adaptation, and learning in diverse contexts, limited attention has been given to the ways in which peripheral settings characterised by precarity, instability, and irregular access to institutional infrastructures generate specific cognitive ecologies. These environments often demand improvisation, distributed problem-solving, flexible collaboration, and heightened sensitivity to uncertainty. Based on theories of distributed cognition, ecological anthropology, relational ontologies and complexity, this work investigates how intelligence arises through complex interactions among individuals, collectives, material conditions, and local cosmologies. It is not explicitly focused on informal urban settlements, borderland communities or mobile, displaced populations, yet it highlights everyday practices grounded in these groups. By analysing how people think, decide, and innovate under conditions of constraint, the research seeks to broaden anthropological understandings of cognition and contribute to a more inclusive account of human intelligence across diverse lifeworlds.
Guilt, Grit and Graduation Euphoria: Exploring the Emotional Labour of Lactating Student Mothers at Teachers' Colleges
The study examined the guilt, grit, and graduation euphoria of student mothers as they navigate emotional and financial dysphoria. Balancing the dual roles of student and mother is a persistent struggle that defines the daily lives of many lactating student-mothers. A collision between their roles remains unavoidable. Using a qualitative constructivist approach, semi-structured interviews were conducted to gather in-depth narratives about the student mothers' personal, academic, and social lives. Twelve student teachers were purposively selected for the study. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. The study established that there is constant negotiation between academic and parental obligations for student mothers. For many lactating student-mothers, the ability to balance these demands may accurately reflect their resilience but also speaks to an urgent need for institutional recognition and accommodation along this challenging path. Practical solutions for the ways in which all stakeholders can better support student mothers were indicated by this study, with a particular emphasis on developing support systems that directly acknowledge and resolve aspects of the realities facing lactating student-mothers.
Algorithmic Power and the Dialectics of Humanity: Artificial Intelligence, Capital, and the Reconfiguration of Social Totality
Artificial intelligence is commonly portrayed as a technical innovation that inaugurates a new social epoch defined by efficiency, automation, and rational governance. This article advances a dialectical anthropological critique of such narratives by situating artificial intelligence within the historical dynamics of capitalism, colonial power, and struggles over labor and knowledge. Conceptualizing artificial intelligence as a social relation rather than a neutral technology, the article draws on Marxian political economy, Fanonian analyses of colonial domination, Gramscian theories of hegemony, Polanyian insights about market disembedding, and Comaroffian critiques of contemporary capitalism. It contends that AI, through labour, epistemology, or governance, is the new hyper-driven moment of commodification and cycle of global inequalities. Meanwhile, AI creates inconsistencies that break down established value and authority regimes, laying the ground for contestation and possible other trajectories. The paper outlines new directions for a critical anthropology of AI that foregrounds historical materiality and contradictions while committing the field to decolonial epistemologies and transformative praxis.
A Structured AI–Human Framework for Machine Translation Post-editing (MTPE) Training
This research explores AI-human collaboration within a professional translation course for senior Applied English students (N=43), introducing a hands-on MTPE framework designed to foster translator autonomy. Throughout the course, students engaged in small-group weekly Chinese–English and English–Chinese tasks, documenting their interactions with large language models (LLMs) on Moodle. The pedagogical core consists of a structured Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) including source-text analysis, AI-assisted drafting, critical evaluation, iterative refinement, and justification which encourages systematic post-editing practices. Findings reveal that active engagement with AI, facilitated through precise prompting and iterative error detection, produced translations that were both semantically accurate and stylistically appropriate. In contrast, passive reliance on AI outputs led to weaker linguistic awareness and logical flaws. The study suggests that structured human-AI collaboration, anchored in professional standards, significantly enhances metalinguistic awareness and higher-order translation competence. By emphasizing process-oriented assessment and critical interaction with LLM outputs, this research provides a replicable model for modern AI-integrated translator training. This framework ensures that students develop the necessary skills to navigate the evolving landscape of professional translation while maintaining their role as critical decision-makers in the human-machine loop.
Financial Development And Its Role In Driving Economic Growth In Nigeria
This study investigated the effect of financial development on economic growth in Nigeria from 1984 to 2024. Financial development was measured by the number of banks, credit to the private sector, monetary policy rate, and gross fixed capital formation, while economic growth was measured by real gross domestic product. The variables were subjected to unit root test using the Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) and Phillips-Perron (PP), and the result showed that all the variables were stationary at the first difference. Johansen co-integration was employed, and the result denoted that there was a significant long-run relationship between the variables. The Vector Error Correction model was employed for data analysis, and inferences were made at 5% significant level. The regression result showed that monetary policy rate had a negative significant effect on economic growth in the short-run while in the long-run, it had a positive significant effect. Furthermore, the number of banks and credit to the private sector had a significant and positive effect on economic growth in Nigeria in the long-run. The study concludes that the number of banks, credit to the private sector, and monetary policy rate spur growth in the long-run in Nigeria. Therefore, the study recommends that the Nigerian government should improve efficiency in the banking sector and ensure better allocation of credit to productive sectors like agriculture, SMEs, and manufacturing, and reduce lending constraints.
Gods, Heroes, and Legends Reimagined: From Ancient Myths to Modern Movies, Folklore to Film
This paper is an assessment of the perspective of Mythology and Folklore in mainstream media popularized through the use of Novels, novel adaptations, Movies, Cartoons, Comics, and Games. We see how the Hero’s journey inspires cross-cultural consciousness and a universal journey that resonates in every culture, however diverse they are. Media often is seen as more than a literary tool, as it allows the Myths and folklore from other countries and cultures to be shared all over the world, as it incorporates new cultural ideals, values, and morals that allow the audiences to learn about other cultures. Because Modern Media incorporates aspects of myths and legends from several different cultures, it brings a widened perspective of people around the world. Mainstream media helps in the regard of spreading the knowledge of different religions and cultures to audiences of all age groups with the help of Novels (fiction), movies, and Games.
This research paper explores the concept of social development as an alternative model of development, emerging in response to the imbalanced outcomes of economic growth in India during the 1950s. It highlights the realisation that economic development has predominantly favoured the wealthy, exacerbating the gap between the rich and the poor, and how policymakers and thinkers sought a more comprehensive approach that incorporates social factors into economic planning to ensure a balanced and inclusive development process. Drawing from various academic perspectives, this research paper sheds light on the significance of social development as a comprehensive and multifaceted approach to achieving balanced and inclusive progress while highlighting the connection between social development and cultural values within a community. The paper also talks about the indicators and scores of social and human developments in India and how their scores give us a picture of the progress of the people-centric form of development
Unfulfilled Desires and the Shadowed Self: A Psychoanalytic Inquiry into Anjum Hasan's novel Neti, Neti: Not This, Not This
Anjum Hasan’s Neti, Neti: Not This, Not This offers a subtle yet penetrating portrayal of a young woman struggling with the tensions of her own inner world. This paper examines the unconscious mind and the fragmented self in the character of Sophie Das by drawing on the psychoanalytic theories of Sigmund Freud, Carl Jung, and Jacques Lacan. Freud’s ideas on repression, dream-work, and the conflict among the id, ego, and superego provide insight into Sophie’s persistent dissatisfaction and her inability to locate emotional stability. Jung’s conception of archetypes and the shadow illuminates the unacknowledged fears, inherited anxieties, and unresolved contradictions that surface in Sophie’s interactions and private reflections. Lacan’s notion of “lack” and the endlessly deferred pursuit of wholeness further explain Sophie’s recurring sense of emptiness, which aligns with the novel’s title invoking the principle of negation through Neti, Neti: Not This, Not This. Critical works by P. F. John Bosco, Anita Balakrishnan, Himakshi Kalita, and Cheryl Davis underscore Sophie’s divided consciousness and the psychological strain produced by her shifting attachments and ambivalent desires. Interviews and reflections by Hasan, including those documented by Sravasti Datta and by Hossain and Islam, reinforce the centrality of interior conflict and emotional restlessness in her fiction. This study argues that Sophie’s fragmented psyche emerges not from external cultural forces but from the silent operations of the unconscious, where unfulfilled desires, anxieties, and unresolved memories continually reshape her sense of self. Ultimately, Neti, Neti: Not This, Not This reveals a mind caught in the recursive movement of longing, negation, and self division.
Moral Decay and the Power of the Talisman in Steinbeck’s The Winter of Our Discontent
This article examines the moral, symbolic, and generational significance of the talisman in John Steinbeck's The Winter of Our Discontent, arguing that the small pink stone functions as a dynamic emblem of ethical instability rather than a fixed source of guidance. Although originally the talisman was presented as a symbol of innocence, continuity, and family love, it slowly gets intertwined with the process of Ethan Hawley getting sucked into the world of moral relapse. The more deceptive and self-serving Ethan becomes, the more the talisman becomes a mirror of his psychological distress and the decay of the inherited principles in a capitalistic world where corruption, rather than integrity, is the way of the day. By critically examining some of the central scenes, such as the sleepwalking episode involving Ellen and the talisman, as well as the near-suicidal crisis involving Ethan, the article demonstrates the object as a means of spreading guilt, unconscious desire, and generational weight. The study places Steinbeck in terms of the critical perspectives by Kocela, Lieber, Heavilin, Zheng, Simkins, and Bedford in larger contexts of material culture, adaptive mythmaking, and the social life of objects. Eventually, it turns out that the talisman is no moralistic resolution but a reflection of ethical confusion that prevails in the world of consumptive economics. The uncertainty of the end is presented by Steinbeck as demonstrating the limits of human agency and the weight of inherited responsibility, and as revealing how symbols can both enlighten and subvert moral identity
Institutional Precarity and the Erosion of Secular Nationalism: A Theoretical Study of Anjum Hasan’s History’s Angel
Anjum Hasan’s History’s Angel (2022) presents a nuanced literary engagement with the precarious position of religious m inorities in contemporary India, specifically the quotidian mechanisms through which institutional structures systematize discrimination against Muslims. This paper argues that the novel demonstrates how what might be termed “structural precarity” the systematic vulnerability of minorities within ostensibly secular institutions, operates as a form of institutional violence that escapes spectacular representation. Drawing on postcolonial theory, particularly Spivak’s theorization of subalternity and Bhabha’s concepts of hybridity and institutional ambivalence, Walter Benjamin’s philosophy of history, and contemporary scholarship on minority representation in Indian literature, this analysis reveals how Hasan’s novel operates as a counter-narrative that challenges the erosion of secular nationalism and institutional capture by Hindu nationalist ideologies. The figure of Alif Mohammad, the protagonist-teacher, embodies Benjamin’s “Angel of History”, caught between historical consciousness and political powerlessness, unable to intervene in the systematic dismantling of pluralistic frameworks within educational institutions
A Syntactic Study of Existential and Equational Processes in English and Fulfulde Spoken in Adamawa State, Nigeria
This study investigates existential and equational processes in English and Fulfulde spoken in Adamawa state, Nigeria, using a syntactic approach. The aim is to explore how these processes are realized in both languages, focusing on points of similarity and divergence. Specifically, it seeks to identify the nature of existential and equational syntactic processes, describe their structural patterns with reference to sentence constituents, and categorize them according to their linguistic forms. A descriptive research design was employed, with data collected from native speakers of Fulfulde in Adamawa and systematically compared with English equivalents. It is anchored on Principles and Parameters Theory by Chomsky and refines within the Minimalist Program. It highlights the universality of predication while accounting for parametric variations. Analysis reveals that English existential constructions obligatorily employ the expletive 'there' and the copula 'is', whereas Fulfulde relies on the particle 'ɗon' often without an expletive subject. In equational constructions, English consistently uses the copula 'is', while Fulfulde alternates between 'ɗum', 'woni' or simple juxtaposition, demonstrating structural flexibility and derivational economy. The findings show that while both languages operate under universal syntactic principles, Fulfulde encodes these processes more economically, in contrast to English’s stricter word-order constraints. These outcomes have theoretical implications for cross-linguistic syntax and validate the application of generative frameworks to African languages. Practically, the study provides insights for linguistic research, language teaching, translation, and computational modelling of under-documented languages
Curated Selves: Gen Z Identity Formation in the Age of Digital Duality
This paper explores how Gen Z negotiates identity within highly digitalized environments shaped by social comparison, curated personas, and validation-driven behaviours. Drawing from Festinger’s Social Comparison Theory, Goffman’s dramaturgical model, and contemporary approaches to digital identity, the article argues that digital culture has intensified identity fragmentation among young people. Through close reading of contemporary literary and popular texts including True Beauty, Aesthetica, Followers, and Sympathy this paper demonstrates that curated personas function both as coping mechanisms and sources of psychological strain. The findings suggest that while digital platforms offer spaces for creativity and empowerment, the pursuit of constant validation and visibility complicates authentic identity formation. The study concludes that digital identity becomes healthy only when online personas remain aligned with offline experiences, rather than replacing them
Reshaping Social Culture in the Digital Age: A Statistical-Analytical Study of the Role of Social Media Between Positive Impacts and Value-Based Challenges
This study examines how social media reshapes social and cultural reality in the digital age. Results show that digital platforms enhance cross-border communication, broaden knowledge networks, and create wider spaces for self-expression and public participation, reinforcing values of openness and community engagement. However, statistics reveal rising value-based challenges, including privacy risks, misinformation, and the erosion of certain traditional norms within a rapidly shifting digital environment. The study concludes that social culture is undergoing a dual transformation: expanding individual horizons and enabling new forms of interaction, while also generating value challenges that require regulatory, cultural, and educational measures to maintain balance and preserve core societal authenticity
The Role of Fate and Freewill in Luna’s Journey in Kelly Barnhill’s The Girl Who Drank the Moon
Luna’s journey in Kelly Barnhill’s The Girl Who Drank the Moon provides a captivating study of how identity, growth, and destiny are shaped when free will and chance collide. This paper looks at how a child-like Luna, who is steeped in magic and mystery, interacts with a world entire of prophecies, societal expectations, and personal choices. While her fate appears to be predetermined, defined by her magical feats of moonlight absorption and the expectations of her society, her free will becomes the powerful force that defines her way. It also brings into question through Luna’s strife to regain lost memories, extract endless magical powers, and defy restrictive social systems, whether destiny is an inescapable fact or a broad guiding structure that people have the ability to mould. This study also considers supporting characters such as Xan, Antain, and the Sorrow Eater, whose deeds further illustrate the intricate interplay between external factors and individual agency. This imagination surpasses reality and examines The Girl Who Drank the Moon as a contemporary fairy tale, encouraging people to take back their stories. These narratives’ core is the complex interplay between fate and free will. In doing so, it makes people believe that even though fate plays a critical role in the direction, one’s choices and determination ultimately lead to the final destination.
Reconceptualizing Social Justice in the Age of Artificial Intelligence and Automation
Because of significant changes in AI and automation due to the Fourth Industrial Revolution, the significance of social justice is evolving faster than ever. Because algorithmic decision processes are now shaping resource access, opportunities and representation, we need to rethink the old ideas of fairness and human rights. The article examines the effects of AI and automation on social justice from different social, ethical and legal angles. We focus on major problems like biased algorithms, privacy risks and jobs being replaced by automation, while designing a plan with ethical guidelines, co-creation and rules in mind. This paper blends different areas of study to give stakeholders, including policymakers, technologists and civil society, a step-by-step guide for ensuring greater equality in AI usage. Resulting from this approach are autonomous-function-by-function analysis, stakeholder conversations and symbolic representations of the system. The results point out contrasts in algorithmic fairness, the effect of job automation on society and the possible use of AI for including different communities. The authors also analyze the contribution of AI to future job markets, data handling practices and ethical norms. The report ends by recommending that all nations act together to direct AI towards greater equality and fairness.
Philosophical Foundations of Artificial General Intelligence: A Comparative Inquiry
AGI research is strongly connected to philosophy, since it helps us think about intelligence, consciousness and what the mind is. This study goes into the philosophical support systems that guide AGI research by drawing on old and new perspectives. One of the central debates is whether machines can truly have minds and consciousness like humans ("strong AI") or if they can only imitate human behavior in the form of "weak AI." For humans to have artificial general intelligence, it is necessary to rely on basic concepts such as embodiment, symbol grounding, causality and memory, like we see in biological cognition. This part of the analysis looks at the difference between Western traditions focused on logic and computing and newer ways that combine understanding from neuroscience, evolutionary theory and Eastern philosophies. Even with technological advancements, AGI is still only theorized, as there are still debates over what makes intelligence and consciousness, whether machines could have minds and the ethical effects of producing self-thinking machines. When we compare different philosophical standpoints, we can highlight both the benefits and obstacles in advancing AGI, which stresses the importance of teams from various fields to work together as technology grows stronger.
Intersections of Gender, Technology, and Power in Globalized Media Environments
When studying gender, technology and power in globalized media, we can see how these areas are being affected by changes in culture, economy and politics. Media as a major institution shows and influences ideas about gender and power, sometimes confirming common stereotypes and leaving some genders out of sight. The content shown on TV and in newspapers often depends on who owns them and the way these media are run, and these influences are tied to gender. In this situation, new possibilities and problems have appeared with digital technologies. Although social media has helped women and marginalized genders fight against inequalities, it has also led to more harassment, partiality in algorithms and difficulties using technology among those who belong to various marginalized groups. Women in low- and middle-income regions are much less likely to access the internet, which leads to greater inequality. An intersectional perspective is necessary because race, class, sexuality and ability affect how people face gender in online settings. More and more, as globalization speeds up, these connections become evident and they shape both representation and the ability to use technology, engage in digital activities and make decisions. Working on these problems calls for an approach focused on human rights, openness, dealing with inequalities, spreading awareness of technology and supporting laws that make global media available to everyone.
Human Values in the Design of Intelligent Systems: A Philosophical and Social Study
Making technology that values humans is a significant challenge found at the point where philosophy, technology, and society come together. With AI being adopted in many areas such as healthcare, transport, jobs, and government, it becomes even more important to align it with what is important to us all. AI systems are guided by the ethical, moral, and cultural values that are important in society, supporting the development of correct actions and choices for the system. Even so, the fact that cultures and situations' values differ moves the process of value alignment to the background, since it is important to pick which values matter and how they will be implemented in intelligent systems. Transforming these values means changing abstract ideals such as fairness, transparency, and accountability into rules for technologies and procedures for management, and dealing with problems such as bias, privacy, and the needs of many stakeholders. Including philosophical perspectives such as the “veil of ignorance” makes it easier to find principles for AI behavior that are fair and accepted around the world. The advancement of AI cannot be done only by technologists, but also requires philosophical knowledge, new technology, and continuous conversations with society to ensure respect for human dignity and rights. The researchers examine both philosophical and social issues, noting that AI must be continuously reviewed, all stakeholders involved, and ethical lines clearly outlined so that its systems are transparent and positive.
Analyzing the Intersectionality of Gender, Race, and Technology in Modern Workspaces
Because of faster technological progress, modern office environments have seen both new benefits and new challenges. Nevertheless, these changes happen while surrounded by other forces. Different experiences in technology at work are influenced a lot by gender and race. This paper focuses on how gender, race and technology work together and influence the workplace. Using both qualitative data and case studies, we prove that current technologies commonly lead to systemic biases that influence hiring, promotion and office culture. The book discusses important points from three major areas: tech industries, healthcare and academia. Furthermore, the research uses an intersectional approach to understand the ways different identities have effects in technology-driven offices. Overall, our findings prove that having inclusive rules, fair designs and diverse leaders is important for addressing these differences. Our research outlines strategies to form fair and inclusive technological settings and provide clear instructions to researchers, practitioners and policymakers.